2015-09-21 来源：未知 作者：admin
Circles of Sustainability1
Urban Profile Process
v3.3 20132
Table 1. The Urban Region being Assessed
The name of urban area in question: (That is, the name of the city, town, or municipality, etc., that is being assessed.)Please fill in
Geographical spread of the urban area in km2.Please fill in
Population of the urban area.Please fill in
Date or period of the assessment: Month(s), YearPlease fill in
The ‘Circles of Sustainability’ profile process is intended as a way of developing an interpretative description of the sustainability of an urban region and its immediate hinterland. Here sustainability is understood in relation to local, national, and global processes: ecological, economic, political and cultural.
The profile template is intended as way of developing a more comprehensive understanding of an ‘urban region’—city, metropolis, town, municipality, village, etc. By responding to the questions in the Urban Profile Question it is possible to generate a clear and simple graphic representation of the sustainability profile of that region. Examples are shown in Figure 2 (below) for representative cities around the world.
Figure 2. Circles of Sustainability Assessments
Each of these figures represents a qualitative assessment by local and other experts of the sustainability of the respective urban areas.
The assessment group should define the precise nature of the urban area in question before the assessment begins (see Table 1 above). For example, in Figure 2 above ‘Sao Paulo’ refers to the greater Sao Paulo Metropolitan region. Similarly ‘Melbourne’ in this case is assessed across the metropolitan region of Melbourne rather than the Municipality of Melbourne, which is much smaller geographically and demographically.
The quality and standing of the assessment depends upon the expertise of the persons who are conducting the assessment. Optimally, we suggest that the assessment group should comprise three to ten people with different and complementary expertise about the urban area in question. Table 2 below is intended for recording the names and expertise of the persons on the Assessment Panel.
Table 2. Urban Profile Assessors on the Assessment Panel
The profile mapping process can be done by different kinds of respondents. Different people have different knowledge sets, all of which can be valuable in making an urban assessment. In order to understand the nature of the assessment, we just need to know what kind of knowledge held by each respondent in the Assessment Panel.
Please indicate which kind of respondent(s) you are by adding names in the boxes below.
Add more lines or more space to the list if necessary.
1. Internal Expert Assessors
That is, individuals who live in the urban region in question and have expert knowledge* of that region or a significant aspect of that region.
* Here ‘expert knowledge’ is defined as either being trained in some aspect of urban planning / administration, etc., or working in that capacity for some time.NamePosition and/or Training
2. External Expert Assessors
That is, individuals who do not live in the urban region in question, but have expert knowledge of that region or a significant aspect of that region.NamePosition and/or Training
3. Lay Assessors
That is, individuals who live in the urban region in question, and who have extensive local knowledge of the region or an aspect of the region, (without necessarily either being trained in urban planning, administration, or working in the field).NameLength of time having lived in the urban region
The Assessment Panel should meet for a sustained period to conduct the assessment. The amount of time taken depends upon the nature of the assessment. (See Table 3 below.) Two hours is optimal for a Rapid Assessment; four hours is minimal for an Aggregate Assessment, but a day would be better. It might, however, take significantly longer for an Annotated Assessment. And a comprehensive assessment would take from a few months to a year depending upon how much dedicated time is given to it. Ideally, individuals on the panel should read through the questions before meeting as a panel and where necessary seek information about issues with which they are not familiar.
Table 3. The Nature of the Assessment Process
If you are conducting a Rapid Assessment only the General Question in each set needs to be answered. That question works as a proxy question for that whole area of sustainability.
If you are conducting an Aggregate Assessment at least six of the questions in each set of seven questions need to be answered. If one of the questions in each set is deemed to be particularly inappropriate for your urban area, you can either choose to replace that one question by alternative question that you formulate for yourself or choose not to answer that question and leave the assessment blank.
In most cases, the questions will be weighted equally in finalizing the assessment—that is, unless a prior round of assessment is done to rank-and-weight the questions in each perspective in relation to each other.
Definitions for the Purposes of this Questionnaire
· ‘Urban area’ or ‘area’ means the area that you have defined as the basis for making this assessment. The concept of ‘local’ is used to mean within the urban area.
· ‘Urban region’ means the urban area and its immediate hinterlands, including its peri-urban extensions,
adjacent agricultural and rural land, and its water catchment areas if they are in the vicinity of the urban area.
· ‘Broader region’ is taken to mean within two-three hour’s land transport.
· Concepts such as ‘good’ and ‘appropriate’ are to be defined in terms of the values of the sustainability assessment respondents, but in an Annotated Assessment these are the sorts of issues that would need to be defined by the Assessment Panel.
The Scale for Critical Judgement
The questionnaire asks for critical judgement on a nine-point scale of sustainability from critical sustainability to vibrant sustainability. Critical sustainability means a level of sustainability that requires critical or urgent change in order to be assured of continuing viability. Vibrant sustainability means a level of sustainability that is currently active in reproducing vibrant social and environmental conditions for long- term positive viability. The mid-point, satisfactory sustainability, signifies a level of sustainability that allows for a basic equilibrium over the coming period. See Table 4 below.
Table 4. The Scale of Sustainability
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The Issues in Contention
The Urban Profile process works on the basis of a four-domain model (see Appendix 1 for a discussion on the basis of the model). Each domain is divided into seven perspectives (as set out in Table 5 below), and seven questions are asked about each perspective (see the questionnaire beginning on the next page).
Table 5. Summary of the Structure of the Urban Profile Process
Domains
Perspectives (or Subdomains)
Possible issues to consider
Ecology• Materials and Energy
• Water and Air
• Flora and Fauna
• Habitat and Settlements
• Built-form and Transport
• Embodiment and Food
• Emission and Waste• Sources of energy including petroleum, food
• Air quality; climate change and adaptation
• Parks and gardens; tree coverage
• Habitat destruction; land-use
• Urban spatial development, housing
• Physical human health, nutrition
• Pollution, recycling and waste disposal
Economics• Production and Resourcing
• Exchange and Transfer
• Accounting and Regulation
• Consumption and Use
• Labour and Welfare
• Technology and Infrastructure
• Wealth and Distribution• Industry and commerce; resources
• Money; trade in goods and services
• Regulatory systems
• Consumption patterns; use of goods
• Labour markets; economic provision
• High-tech to low-level technologies
• Poverty; unemployment; slums; inequality
Politics• Organization and Governance
• Law and Justice
• Communication and Critique
• Representation and Negotiation
• Security and Accord
• Dialogue and Reconciliation
• Ethics and Accountability• Legitimacy, current system of governance
• Legal system; political justice and order
• The press, media, news; dissent and protest
• Participation by citizens, voting; civility
• Political tensions; military presence
• Customary rights; Truth Commissions
• Corruption issues; public ethics
Culture• Identity and Engagement
• Creativity and Recreation
• Memory and Projection
• Belief and Ideas
• Gender and Generations
• Enquiry and Learning
• Health and Wellbeing• Ethnicities; identities; public engagement
• Celebrations; events and rituals, sport
• Indigenous history; museums; monuments
• Religions and spiritualities; ideologies
• Gender relations; family life; generations
• Education and training systems
• Heath and medical systems; mental health
Ecology
1. Materials and Energy
Urban Profile Questionnaire
General Question: How sustainable is energy production for the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The availability of material resources in the broader region.1
2. The availability of food grown in the immediate urban region.2
3. The availability of minerals and metals sourced from the broader region.
4. The proportion of electricity produced for the urban area by renewable means.
5. The dependence of the urban area on fossil fuels.
6. The use of recycled materials.
7. The translation of resource-use monitoring into reduction strategies.
• Optional alternative questions:
2. Water and Air
General Question
• How sustainable are the levels of air quality and water quality in the urban environment?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The bodies of water in the urban region.
2. The ready access of all to potable water distributed with minimum energy-use.
3. The continuous presence of good quality air in the urban region.
4. The liveability of the urban region’s climate.
5. The carbon footprint of the urban area.
6. The development of climate-change adaptation strategies for the urban area.
7. The translation of air-and-water quality in the area monitoring into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
2 Remember here that ‘urban region’ means the urban area and its immediate hinterlands.
3. Flora and Fauna
General Question: To what extent is biodiversity sustainable across the urban region?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban region?
Number 1–9
1. The resilience of regional eco-systems to past and present urbanization.
2. The biodiversity of the region now by comparison with the time of its first major settlement.
3. The rate of native plant species’ extinction in the urban region across the last hundred years.
4. The tree coverage of the urban region—native or otherwise.
5. The continuing viability of native species of birds and animals in the urban region.
6. The relation of people in the urban region to non-domesticated animals and birds.
7. The translation of monitoring of flora and fauna into sustainability-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
4. Habitat and Settlements
General Question: How well does the urban area relate ecologically to the landscape on which it is built?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban region?
Number 1–9
1. The human liveability of the regional topography.
2. The extent of original habitat still viable in the urban region.
3. The existence of natural spaces—either original habitat or parks and gardens—as integral and accessible to all local neighbourhoods.3
4. The limiting of building in areas prone to natural risks such as flooding and landslides.
5. The use of appropriate materials in buildings.4
6. The retrofitting of buildings and infrastructure to respond to environmental issues.
7. The translation of habitat monitoring in the urban area into robust conservation strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
4 Here ‘appropriate materials’ might be taken to mean such things as materials that appropriate to the climate or materials that are recycled, locally sourced, or sustainably produced.
5. Built-Form and Transport
General Question: Does the form of the urban area and its transport system support sustainable living?
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Particular Questions:
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The spread of the urban area—with particular concern in relation to urban sprawl.
2. The access of people to the different social amenities across the urban area through overlapping transport modes.
3. The accessibility of mass transit systems in the urban area—particularly as extending to the urban fringes and non-formal zones.5
4. The degree of dependence on cars.
5. The level of support for using non-motorized transport such as bicycles and walking through provision of safe walking paths, protected bike-lane networks, low-speed residential zones, etc.
6. The implementation of energy-use reduction practices for air and sea transport.
7. The translation of transport monitoring into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
6. Embodiment and Food
General Question: How sustainable is the health of people in relation to how they physically live in the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The general physical health of residents.
2. The rate of infant mortality in the urban area.
3. The level of physical exercise enacted regularly by all people in the urban area.
4. The hygiene of urban streets for all people.
5. The nutrition of food generally eaten by residents.
6. The level of urban agriculture in the urban area, including in people’s home sites.
7. The translation of physical health monitoring into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
7. Emission and Waste
General Question: How sustainable is the way that the urban area deals with emissions and waste?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The level of carbon emissions in the urban area.
2. The amount of hard waste produced by the urban area.
3. The treatment of sewerage, including the subsequent dispersal of the treated products.
4. The storm-water drainage system in the urban area.
5. The composting of household green and vegetable waste.
6. The level of hard-waste recycling in the urban area.
7. The translation of emissions-and-waste monitoring into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
Economics
1. Production and Resourcing
General Question: How sustainable are the broad patterns of production and resource-access in the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The general prosperity of the urban area.
2. The local manufacturing base of the urban area for producing basic goods.
3. The access in the urban area to necessary primary resources.
4. The arts communities in the urban area.6
5. The level of design expertise in the urban area.7
6. The labour resources of the urban area.8
7. The translation of economic monitoring into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
7 ‘Design expertise’ might be taken to include architects and planners to graphic designers and jewelry designers, etc.
8 ‘Labour’ includes both manual and intellectual labour resources from artisans and physical workers to doctors and engineers.
2. Exchange and Transfer
General Question: How sustainable is the current movement of money, goods and services into and through the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The opportunity to participate in ethical trade—for example, locally through community gardens and produce-markets, or globally through fair-trade networks
2. The availability of basic goods, including through non-commercial and low-cost outlets.
3. The fair redistribution of financial resources through processes such as the tax system.
4. The resilience of external trade relations, including through bilateral exchange agreements between cities.
5. The provision of material aid and social support to people in need beyond the immediate the urban area.
6. The levels of debt carried by different sectors of the urban area—both public and private.
7. The translation of financial monitoring into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional additional question:
3. Accounting and Regulation
General Question: How robust are the various accounting and regulatory frameworks in the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1-9
1. The transparency of public spending.
2. The robustness of financial auditing systems that apply in the urban area.9
3. The appropriateness of regulation of goods and services.10
4. The application of consistent land-use regulation.
5. The appropriate regulation of financial systems that affect the urban area.
6. The appropriate regulation of labour practices, including health-and-safety considerations.
7. The translation of the monitoring of regulatory systems into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
10 Here, as elsewhere, the question of ‘appropriateness’ should be judged in relation to general public outcomes, including the poor or vulnerable, rather than outcomes pertaining to any one sectional interest.
4. Consumption and Use
General Question: How sustainable are the current consumption patterns of the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The re-use of goods, including through personal exchange and second-hand outlets.
2. The development of responses to food security and vulnerability to seasonal shortages of food.
3. The ongoing availability to all of goods and services deemed necessary for good living.
4. The ongoing availability to all of basic utilities—such as water, electricity, and gas.
5. The capacity of local people to respond to peak-oil issues, including rising costs.
6. The accuracy of advertising circulated locally in providing information about consumption goods.
7. The translation of the monitoring of consumption patterns into strategies for enhancing good production and good use.
• Optional alternative question:
5. Labour and Welfare
General Question: How sustainable are the conditions of work across the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The range of livelihoods available in the area to those with appropriate skills.
2. The possibility for all of meaningful productive vocations.
3. The relative equity of access to secure employment in the area across differences of gender, age and ethnicity.
4. The capacity of the labour force to work productively.
5. The safety of workers.
6. The comprehensiveness of general welfare support processes across the urban area.11
7. The translation of the monitoring of labour practices into strategies for enhancing the comprehensiveness of good working conditions.
• Optional alternative question:
6. Technology and Infrastructure
General Question: To what extent is basic infrastructure in urban area appropriate and supportive of a broad cross-section of needs?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The appropriateness of technologies and public infrastructure used to support the ongoing development of the urban area.
2. The robustness of information storage systems available to people in the urban area.
3. The adoption of new technologies in transport such as hybrid vehicles and intelligent transport systems.
4. The quality of the building stock, both commercial and housing, in the urban area?
5. The resourcing of the education system with appropriate technologies and infrastructure readily available to locals.
6. The resourcing of the health system with appropriate technologies and infrastructure readily available to locals.
7. The translation of the monitoring of technological use into strategies for enhancing positive technological application.
• Optional alternative question:
7. Wealth and Distribution
General Question: Is the wealth of the urban area sustainable; and is it distributed in way that benefits all?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The public use of wealth of the urban area for maximum social benefit for all.
2. The maintenance of the inherited social wealth of the urban area—for example, the maintenance of heritage buildings or public spaces for maximum social benefit.
3. The relative equity of wage levels for different groups—as categorized by job, but also across difference of gender, age and ethnicity, etc.
4. The affordability of local housing for all.
5. The relative equity of accumulated wealth of the residents of the urban area.
6. The effectiveness of processes for redistributing wealth in the urban area.
7. The translation of the monitoring of wealth accumulation into strategies for enhancing the social benefits for all.
• Optional alternative question:
Politics
1. Organization and Governance
General Question: How well does the current system of governance function to maximize benefits for all?12
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The political legitimacy of the various levels of government relevant to the urban area.
2. The capacity of the leaders of the various kinds of governance relevant to the urban area.
3. The visions projected by the relevant levels of government for positively managing the form of the urban region—for example, in relation to managing urban growth.
4. The capacity of the administrative staff in the various levels of bureaucracy.
5. The authority of the various levels of governance to carry out policy.
6. The transparency of decision-making processes.
7. The translation of the monitoring of administrative practices into strategies for enhancing the quality of governance.
• Optional alternative question:
2. Law and Justice
General Question: How well does the dominant legal system work?13
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The protection of human rights in the urban area.
2. The civil order of the urban area.
3. The responsiveness of local residents to legal requirements.
4. The treatment of all locals as equal before the law—this includes the specified articulation of complementary systems of justice such as customary or traditional law.
5. The fairness and circumspection of the dominant legal system.
6. The appropriateness of legal judgements in relation to various levels of penalty and punishment.
7. The translation of the monitoring of the legal system into strategies for enhancing the quality of legal administration.
• Optional alternative question:
13 Here the ‘dominant legal system’ includes the national, municipal, and local levels of law, and their intersection.
3. Communication and Critique
General Question: How sustainable is social communication access in the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The level of positive freedom for political expression in the urban area.
2. The range of newspapers, broadcasters and public communications systems circulating information relevant to people living in the urban area.
3. The proportion of households with open access to mediated communications—including radio, television, internet and other social communications.
4. The quality of public political analysis—both mainstream and alternative—easily accessible in the urban area.
5. The openness of the urban region to non-violent political protest being enacted and heard.
6. The level of respect for privacy by public and private information gatherers.
7. The translation of the monitoring of the media systems into strategies for enhancing the quality of media communication.
• Optional alternative question:
4. Representation and Negotiation
General Question: How well are citizens of the urban area represented politically?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The active membership of residents in non-governmental organizations and advocacy groups—trades unions, professional associations, clubs, religious affiliations, etc.
2. The active participation of local people in the political processes of the urban area.
3. The power of local people to affect political decision-making processes relevant to the urban area.
4. The availability of municipal representatives for consultation with residents.
5. The active possibility of civil negotiation between groups with different interests—such unions and business.
6. The active and legitimate contestation of political power and office.
7. The translation of the monitoring of the political systems into strategies for enhancing the quality of public participation.
• Optional alternative question:
5. Security and Concord
General Question: How secure and peaceful is the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The level of personal security in relation to human security issues—such as food security, natural disaster, economic crisis or military threat.
2. The physical safety of work places.
3. The level of personal security in relation to domestic violence or day-to-day street-conflict.
4. The provision of shelter for residents of the urban area without homes or those leaving behind difficult circumstances such as domestic violence.
5. The provision of active support for immigrants from outside the urban area escaping conflict, persecution or poverty.
6. The provision of affordable insurance processes supported by formal guarantees.
7. The translation of the monitoring of security threats into strategies for enhancing the quality of personal security for all.
• Optional alternative question:
6. Dialogue and Reconciliation
General Question: Is meaningful dialogue possible between groups with significant political difference in the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The recognition of differences of identity—including, in particular, recognition of the original inhabitants of the urban region.
2. The existence of active processes for negotiating different understandings of past events and histories of conflict.
3. The existence of active processes—formal and informal—for handling tensions between communities distinguished by ethic, racial, religious, class, gender or sexual difference.
4. The level of social trust in other people.
5. The possibilities for enacting rituals and processes of remembrance and renewal.
6. The existence of processes—formal and informal—for welcoming new arrivals.
7. The translation of the monitoring of political tensions into strategies for enhancing the reconciliation processes.
• Optional alternative question:
7. Ethics and Accountability
General Question: How ethical is social life in the urban area?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The grounding of municipal policies in clearly enunciated ethical principles.
2. The public accountability of powerful public figures—for example, corporate, media, and union leaders.
3. The general integrity brought to day-to-day transactions in public and private life.
4. The active role of public integrity and anti-corruption offices and organizations.
5. The possibility of meaningful public debate over ethical principles and their interpretation.
6. The institution of processes for responding consequentially to breaches in accountability.
7. The translation of the monitoring of corruption issues into strategies for enhancing integrity processes.
• Optional alternative question:
Culture
1. Identity and Engagement
General Question: Does the urban area have a positive cultural identity that brings people together over and above the various differences in their individual identities?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The active cultural diversity of different local communities and groups.
2. The sense of belonging and identification with the local area as a whole in a way that connects across community and group differences.
3. The tolerance and respect for different language groups and ethnic groups in the urban area.
4. The tolerance and respect for different religions and communities of faith in the urban area.
5. The possibility of strangers to the urban area establishing and maintaining personal networks or affinity groups with current residents.
6. The sense of home and place.
7. The translation of the monitoring of community relations into strategies for enhancing identity and engagement.
• Optional alternative question:
2. Creativity and Recreation
General Question: How sustainable are creative pursuits in the urban area—including sporting activities and creative leisure activities?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The level of participation in and appreciation of the arts—from painting to story-telling.
2. The level of involvement in performance activities such as music, dance and theatre as participants and spectators.
3. The level of cultural creativity and innovation.
4. The level of support for cultural events—for example, public festivals and public celebrations.
5. The level of involvement in sport and physical activity as participants and spectators.
6. The affordance of time and energy for creative leisure.
7. The translation of the monitoring of creative pursuits into strategies for enhancing creative engagement.
• Optional alternative question:
3. Memory and Projection
General Question: How well does the urban area deal with its past history in relation to projecting visions of possible alternative futures?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The level of respect for past traditions and understanding of their differences.
2. The protection of heritage sites and sacred places.
3. The maintenance of monuments, museums and historical records.
4. The active recognition of indigenous customs and histories.
5. The sense of hope for a positive future for the urban area as a whole.
6. The level of public discussion that actively explores possible futures.
7. The translation of the monitoring of themes of past and future into strategies for enhancing positive engagement.
• Optional alternative question:
4. Belief and Ideas
General Question: Do residents of the urban area have a strong sense of purpose and meaning?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The level of knowledgeable engagement in cultural pursuits in the urban area.
2. The possibilities for counter-ideologies being discussed and debated publicly.
3. The level of thoughtful consideration that lies behind decisions made on behalf of the people of the urban area.
4. The sense of meaning that local people have in their lives?
5. The extent to which people of different faiths or spiritualities feel comfortable practicing their various rituals, even when their beliefs are not part of the dominant culture.
6. The possibility that passions can be publicly expressed in the urban area without descending into negative conflict.
7. The translation of the monitoring of ideas and debates into strategies for enhancing positive engagement.
• Optional alternative question:
5. Gender and Generations
General Question: To what extent is there gender and generational wellbeing across different groups?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?
Number 1–9
1. The equality of men and women in public and private life.
2. The positive expression of sexuality in ways that do not lead to intrusion or violation.
3. The contribution of both men and women to bringing up children.
4. The availability of child-care in the urban area—whether formal or informal, public or private.
5. The positive engagement of youth in the life of the urban area.
6. The availability of aged-care in the urban area—whether formal or informal, public or private.
7. The translation of the monitoring of gender and generational relations into strategies for enhancing positive engagement.
• Optional alternative question:
6. Enquiry and Learning
General Question: How sustainable is formal and informal learning in the urban region?
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Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban region?
Number 1–9
1. The accessibility of active centres of discovery—ranging formal scientific research institutes to places of playful discovery for children.
2. The active participation of people in the urban area in deliberation and debate over ideas.
3. The accessibility of active centres of social enquiry—both formal and informal—ranging in focus from scientific research to interpretative and spiritual enquiry.
4. The active participation of people in formal and informal education, across gender, generation, ethnicity, and class differences.
5. The existence of local cultures of writing—from philosophical and scientific to literary and personal.
6. The setting aside of time in the various education processes—both formal and informal—for considered reflection.
7. The translation of the monitoring of education practices into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
7. Health and Wellbeing
General Question: What is the general level of health and wellbeing across different groups of residents?
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CriticalBadHighly UnsatisfactorySatisfactory—SatisfactorySatisfactory+Highly SatisfactoryGoodVibrant
Particular Questions
How sustainable are the following aspects of the urban area?Number 1–9
1. The sense of control that people have in the urban area over questions of bodily integrity and wellbeing.
2. The level of knowledge that people in the urban area have in relation to basic health issues.
3. The availability of consulting professionals or respected community elders to support people in time of hardship, stress or grief.
4. The capacity of the urban area to meet reasonable expectations that people in the urban area hold about health care or counselling.
5. The participation of people in practices that promote wellbeing.
6. The cultural richness of cuisine and good food.
7. The translation of the monitoring of health and wellbeing practices into quality-improvement strategies.
• Optional alternative question:
